Peritoneal Mesothelioma Cell Types Mesothelioma tumors are composed of cells classified by their structure and composition. The three major cell types of peritoneal mesothelioma include epithelioid, sarcomatoid and biphasic. Epithelioid mesotheliomas are the most common and respond best to treatment. Sarcomatoid cells are the least common and respond poorly to treatment. Biphasic tumors are made of epithelial and sarcomatoid cells. The response of biphasic mesothelioma to treatment depends on the ratio of epithelioid to sarcomatoid cells. Because rare subtypes of these cells exist, pathologists face challenges in diagnosing cancer in the abdomen. Additional histological variances of peritoneal mesothelioma include adenoid cystic, tubulopapillary, microcystic, signet ring, diffuse, not otherwise specified (NOS), pleomorphic and well-differentiated papillary. A patient’s cell type can significantly impact their prognosis. Mesothelioma patients with epithelioid tumors live an average of 200 days longer than patients with sarcomatoid tumors. Examples of rare cell subtypes include: Lymphohistiocytoid mesothelioma An often misdiagnosed type of sarcomatoid mesothelioma. When it develops alongside epithelial cells, a biphasic peritoneal mesothelioma diagnosis is made. Desmoplastic mesothelioma A type of sarcomatoid cell that occurs in peritoneal and pleural mesothelioma. The cells are composed of more than 50 percent fibrous tissue that produces collagen. Deciduoid mesothelioma A rare variant of epithelial mesothelioma. It has been diagnosed in roughly 45 mesothelioma cases. Around half of deciduoid cases develop in the abdomen.
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